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The School Holidays are coming to an end, in what has so far been an exceptionally unusual year. After the disruption of last term and holidays spent with social distancing and travel restrictions, many children may be excited to return to school and days spent with peers. At the same time, there may also be apprehension about what the school day will look like and how it will feel to be socialising in a large group again. The anxiety about returning to school may be high for both parents and children. When anxious, we find tolerating uncertainty difficult, it creates extra stress and adds to the worry. And with much about returning to school this year being uncertain, we can expect increased levels of stress for everyone.  We know that some parents are already expressing their concerns and asking for tips on how to manage. There are some great resources available for parents and I have selected the following four because I think people will find them helpful and reassuring as they endeavour to see their children into this new school year. When a child also experiences distress around food and eating there will be very specific challenges and opportunities for the school return. Children who were out of school before the lockdown may feel like now is a good time to rejoin their peers. Everyone will be returning after a period away and this shared experience might make it more comfortable for these children to return. For others, the idea of returning to a full school week and the expectations for social eating may be overwhelming.  For all parents, children and young people the 4 resources reviewed on managing in uncertain times may be helpful. Infographic from Trauma-Informed Schools (TIS) Preparing your child for the return to school infographic from Trauma-Informed Schools (TIS) advocates remaining curious, really listening to your child’s experience and supporting them to have conversations about it with you. Supporting children to return to school after lockdown from Nipinthebud.org explains strategies for parents in more detail. I like that it lists modelling calmness to children, even when we might not feel it ourselves. FACE-COVID is an animation from Dr Russ Harris author of ‘The Happiness Trap’ on thriving in these uncertain times.  The approach may help us develop the calm containment children need. Managing Uncertainty in Children and Young People from the British Psychological Society (BPS) is a longer read, perhaps one for a sit down with a cup of tea.   However, for those with distress around eating I end with our own ‘5 Tips for Supporting Children with Eating in School’ from the team here at Schoen Clinic Chelsea .  Anyone can contact the Schoen Clinic Chelsea for an initial consultation if looking for further help on how to support your child with an eating disorder or eating distress. 5 Tips for Supporting Children with Eating in School Compassion andFlexibility    -  Every child and every school is different. Children who have difficulties eating at school will vary in the level and shape of the support they need. They may need to eat at different times or leave school for appointments and this will temporarily interrupt the usual school routines.  If schools and families can be flexible and compassionate in accommodating the well-being needs of students to eat well and be healthy, they will be supporting that child to achieve to the best of their ability in the longer term. Making a priority of both physical and emotional well-being and education.   Eating Arrangements – Planning is everything!  Where can a child who is struggling to eat, manage best? Who is best placed to be with them? What level of supportive supervision do they need? For one child having the same predictable packed lunch, each day with the company of friends is the best support for them. For another child, they may need to eat with a parent in a private space such as a side room or car. For another, they may need a teacher to help them plate up an appropriate lunch and check that they have been able to eat it. Or perhaps a parent on a video call with them during lunch is enough support.   Stress Spikes and Calming Moments  – Can you predict when a child will feel most stressed and what they need to calm and soothe them when this happens? Perhaps a child can manage in the school day but needs an hour alone once home to decompress and rest.  Another child may struggle most after eating and need distractions and activities to regulate this, timetabling their meals so they go straight into a class may help them. For another child, the opposite may be true.    Staying on Track – There will always be the expectation and hope that your child will be able to eat with peers with no additional help in the future.  How will you know that the support in place is working?  How will you know if a child needs more or less support or a change in plan? Who will you need to talk to about this?    Collaboration and Communication – Communicate and collaborate with your child, the school and anyone else that is there to help in formulating the best plan for your child. Make sure you stay connected with the school and talking with them about your child’s needs. Review plans with anyone involved and change them when needed.

At Schoen Clinic, we believe in keeping abreast with recent developments in mental health. Find out more about the latest trends and developments in mental health in the UK. Mental Health in the UK The National Health Service (NHS) received 364,691 new referrals and attended 2.03 million care contacts in April 2021 alone. The NHS Monthly Statistics Performance for April and (provisional) May 2021 also revealed that 1.41 million people contacted mental health services between the beginning of February and the end of April. Figures from the Office for National Statistics echoed the seriousness of pandemic-linked depression as a recent development in mental health in the UK. 21% of adults said they experienced depression between the end of January and the first week of March. The figure was an increase on November 2020’s 19% of adults, and the 10% of adults who experienced depression before the pandemic. ONS also revealed that 43% of women between 16 and 29 years old were more likely to experience depression, compared to 26% of men in the same age group. Positive Government Response The government has been keenly aware of the dire need for greater mental health awareness and support across the UK. In March, the Department of Health and Social Care announced the £500 million Mental Health Recovery Action Plan . The plan aims to expand services for people with difficulties such as anxiety, depression, bipolar, and schizophrenia. It places a special emphasis on the groups most impacted, including frontline staff, people with serious mental health illnesses and young people. £38 million was allocated for the expansion of NHS IAPT services (talking therapies) that offer treatment for anxiety, depression, PTSD, and other conditions. £58 million was allocated for the improvement of access to therapies, trauma-informed personalised care, self-harm support, and other services. Exciting Research Last year, the Brain & Behaviour Research Foundation, one of the US’s largest mental health research grant funders, listed exciting research achievements from 2019. The foundation said that recent developments in mental health research were significant, as they will impact diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of conditions that affect millions of people globally. Other research, such as Large Genome Study Suggests Anorexia Nervosa is a Metabolic Disorder as Well as a Psychiatric One by Cynthia Bulik, Ph.D., offers greater insights into some mental health difficulties. Technology for Mental Health Among the new technologies that support mental health care are smartphone apps that can help people who struggle with alcoholism and addiction . Apps that can help people cope with the symptoms of depression or anxiety, and provide therapists and other experts with valuable data, are another mobile-related innovation . The increase in internet-based support groups that provide a comfortable digital space for people who want to remain anonymous is yet another example. The recent developments in mental health outlined above are by no means exhaustive - the advances in research, therapies, technologies, and other areas in mental health offer great encouragement and hope for the future. At Schoen Clinic Chelsea , we are one of the few services in the UK that have started offering genetic testing from a simple cheek swab to help guide medication choice. This assists in predicting which antidepressants people with depression are most likely to respond well to and also which may cause problematic side effects. This allows us to offer a truly bespoke 'personalised medicine' approach to treating depression. We specialise in adult mental health conditions at Schoen Clinic Chelsea, based in a discreet location in the heart of Chelsea, London. Contact us to find out more, call our friendly and caring team on 0203 146 2300 or email che-privateenquiries@schoen-clinic.co.uk Find out more about our mental health treatment programme for adults today. This article was kindly reviewed by Dr James Woolley, Consultant Psychiatrist at Schoen Clinic Chelsea.

An expert guide to coping with post-pandemic worry By Dr James Woolley , Consultant Psychiatrist at Schoen Clinic Chelsea The COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on each of us in a variety of different ways. However differently we've responded to the experience, there's no denying that it has been a very challenging time for us all, and research by The Mental Health Foundation found that six out of ten people were anxious about the pandemic and at risk of ‘persistent and severe mental health problems’. It's now more crucial than ever to take care of our mental health and wellbeing. In light of this, we've compiled some simple tips on how to cope with worry, advice for relaxation, and mindset strategies for people who are feeling overwhelmed in life. So whether you're struggling to cope with money, experiencing problems within the family, finding work too stressful or finding anything in the post-pandemic world worrying, we aim to help you navigate how you're feeling and implement ways of alleviating that stress. What can you do on your own to minimise worry? We're seeing many people in this post-pandemic phase at our mental health clinic in London, compounded by economic concerns and world events struggling with high levels of anxiety . A good proportion of these also then have knock-on effects on mood, increasing the risk of  depression . Whilst seeing specialists and therapists to fix the situation can be an attractive sounding rapid intervention, some of the most effective strategies are often the ones which you can do yourself at an earlier stage and are within your own hands. Often with high levels of anxiety, worry and stress , much is rooted in a sense of "lack of control" of a situation or external events, so grasping the issues that you do have some influence over can often be highly symbolic in starting to turn things around. If this doesn't help, or if you're finding it too difficult to cope on your own, it's important to seek professional help  when you need it. Routine is helpful for good mental health The body and brain respond well to routine, regularity and predictability, so regardless of how you're feeling, sticking to a relatively consistent bedtime, and getting up at about the same time helps to start impose useful structure which otherwise easily drifts. Are you doing things which whilst helping in the short term, in the long run may be exacerbating the situation? For example: Are you getting adequate rest, sleep, and exercise? Is your diet healthy, with regular meal times and trying to minimise unhealthy dietary choices or snacking in between? Are you managing to avoid excessive naps during the day? Are you making time to put in some regular exercise? Are sleep patterns steady? Sufficient social contact can also be beneficial to positive mental health. Are you saying yes to brief contact with friends and family, rather than avoiding them? Although it may feel a lot of effort to socialise even to a minimal degree, for most people it's likely to be better than the tendency to isolate which comes at times of high stress. There's lots of advice out there, and no one-size-fits-all approach. For some, they also benefit greatly from meditation. Others achieve it through the practice of mindfulness. Others find it through connecting to nature in a walk through the woods. According to research by Mind , your mental and physical health can benefit from spending time in natural settings or incorporating natural elements into your daily activities. Negative coping mechanisms to avoid Other unhelpful coping strategies sometimes creep in, such as heavier or more regular consumption of alcohol (or other drugs). This can feel helpful in the short term, sometimes assisting in getting to sleep and reducing anxiety levels, but at the cost of these sorts of symptoms being even worse the next day, as well as having a longer-term depressant effect on the brain. Similarly, try to keep control of caffeine intake. With high levels of fatigue which accompany stress and anxiety, people will often increase their caffeine intake to compensate, but then this drives anxiety up even further and worsens sleep. Keep an eye out for less obvious sources of caffeine such as stimulant drinks, and other soft drinks which are sometimes fortified with caffeine. What's the best thing to do to stop worrying? Anything else you can be doing in order to gain control over the situation is likely to help as well- for example if it is financial concerns, speak with your bank, utility company, or any other organisation which is causing you concern to ensure that your worries are completely in line with the actual situation. Bear in mind that when we are in an anxious frame of thinking, the anxiety itself can skew our thinking patterns and make them less rational. You may be 100% correct about the reality of the situation, but when ruminating about them from an anxious perspective, we are all susceptible to jumping to faulty conclusions, giving excessive weight to "worst-case scenarios", and being generally less able to use the rational parts of our brain to problem solve. So check the reality of situations out with friends, family, or organisations you have relationships with as ways to strengthen your rational decision-making and ability to weigh up the actual situation you are presented with. For some, this is one of the practical benefits of psychological therapy and counselling  - connecting with an impartial observer who can act as a practical sounding board to help you keep unrealistic thought patterns in check and to help you devise strategies you can employ day-to-day to tackle them. Expert treatment for anxiety and mood problems in London At our Chelsea mental health clinic , we understand that everyone who comes through our doors experiences mental health problems in different ways. That’s why our treatment is tailored to the needs of our patients and their families and is based on the latest clinical research. If you or someone you care about is experiencing a mental health problem, our specialists  are here to help. Learn more about our specialised treatment programme  for common mental health problems at our leading London mental health centre, Schoen Clinic Chelsea  or speak to our Private Enquiries Manager at no obligation, on 020 3146 2300 Dr James Woolley is a Consultant Psychiatrist BSc(Hons) MBBS MRCP MRCPsych PGDip (CBT) at Schoen Clinic Chelsea . Contact our team today.

This November, Schoen Clinic Chelsea is focusing on men's mental health, an area that can be under-recognised and underdiagnosed. Societal norms and expectations often make it difficult for men to come forward and seek help, as they may feel pressure to appear strong or self-reliant. Mental health conditions can also manifest differently in men than in women, leading to symptoms being overlooked or misinterpreted. This article explores the challenges men face in acknowledging their mental health struggles, why reaching out is crucial, and how to find support. Understanding men's mental health Research shows that men's mental health is a serious concern. The Office for National Statistics reports that 76% of suicides are by men, making it the top cause of death for males under 35. While about 12.5% of UK men have a common mental health condition, the real number could be higher. Unfortunately, many men don't seek help when they are experiencing mental health challenges, often due to the stigma around it. “It's essential to provide men with a safe, judgement-free environment to express their thoughts and emotions," states Dr Greg Shields, Consultant Psychiatrist at Schoen Clinic Chelsea. "Normalising these conversations is key to improving mental health outcomes for men, as it removes the stigma and encourages openness." How mental health issues affect men Untreated mental health conditions can profoundly impact all aspects of a man's life, from personal relationships to physical wellbeing. Addressing these issues is vital to both mental and physical health, and it starts with acknowledging the value of reaching out. Men are more likely than women to become dependent on alcohol or use illegal drugs, often as a way to cope with emotional pain. Depression and anxiety in men can have serious consequences. They're linked to an increased risk of heart disease and other health problems. Stress management becomes crucial for maintaining both mental and physical wellbeing. The importance of reaching out Getting help is a vital step in dealing with mental health challenges. However, only about 36% of people referred to therapy are men. This shows that many men aren't getting the support they need. We need to change this by encouraging men to open up and seek help when they need it. Support networks, including family members, friends, and mental health professionals, play a big role in recovery. Supporting men's mental health Friends and family can greatly help men with their mental health. They can encourage open talks, listen without judging, and offer practical help. Workplaces should also create supportive environments that promote good mental health and work-life balance. For men themselves, it's important to develop healthy ways to cope with stress. This can include regular physical activity, staying connected with others, and seeking therapy for men when needed. Men's mental health services at Schoen Clinic Chelsea At Schoen Clinic Chelsea, we understand the unique mental health challenges men face. We offer thorough assessments and personalised treatment plans for a wide range of mental health conditions . Our team provides various types of help, including one-on-one therapy, group sessions, and medication if needed. "Our approach is centred on meeting each individual where they are in their mental health journey. Together, we develop tailored treatment plans that reflect each person's unique concerns and goals," explains Dr Shields. "For many men, the most challenging part is taking that first step in seeking help. However, recognising the need for support is, in itself, an act of resilience." Expert insight on men's mental health Dr Shields adds, "At Schoen Clinic Chelsea, we aim to provide a welcoming space where men feel comfortable discussing their mental health. We respect each individual’s experiences and are dedicated to offering care that is genuinely aligned with their personal needs. With the right support, men can gain the tools to lead healthier, more fulfilling lives." Changing how society views men's mental health takes effort from everyone. By talking openly, challenging harmful stereotypes, and promoting emotional well-being, we can create a society where men feel comfortable seeking support. Long-term impact and getting help Mental health conditions can have long-lasting effects if not addressed. Life events, work hours, and other factors can trigger or worsen symptoms of depression, anxiety, or even more severe conditions like bipolar disorder. In some cases, men may experience suicidal thoughts, highlighting the urgent need for intervention. Fortunately, there are many effective treatments and strategies available for managing men's mental health. Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) has shown promising results in treating depression and anxiety in men, helping them develop healthier thought patterns and coping mechanisms. Mindfulness-based approaches can be particularly beneficial for stress management and improving overall emotional wellbeing. For some men, a combination of therapy and medication may be the most effective treatment. It's also important to address lifestyle factors: maintaining a balanced diet, getting regular exercise, ensuring adequate sleep, and fostering strong social connections can all contribute significantly to mental health. Many men find that setting realistic goals, both in their personal and professional lives, helps to maintain a sense of purpose and achievement. Remember, there's no one-size-fits-all approach to mental health – what works best will vary from person to person, and it may take some time to find the right combination of treatments and strategies. If you or a man you know is struggling with mental health issues, remember that help is available. Schoen Clinic Chelsea offers confidential support and treatment specifically designed for men. Our experienced team provides compassionate care to guide you towards better mental health. Remember, seeking help isn't a weakness – it's a powerful step towards improving your life. Don't let stigma or fear stop you from getting the support you deserve. Contact Schoen Clinic Chelsea today to learn about our men's mental health services. Take the first step towards breaking the silence around men's mental health. Together, we can build a future where every man feels empowered to prioritise their mental well-being and seek help when needed. References Key data: mental health | Men's Health Forum ( menshealthforum.org.uk )

University is an exciting time, but it can also exacerbate mental health problems Going to University is a major life transition and such transitions, although often exciting, can also come with understandable feelings of stress, fear and anxiety. Starting university is typically at a time when we’re developing into adulthood and taking on new roles and responsibilities. This can be a challenging time alongside the pressures to perform both academically and socially, and many can find it hard to adapt. If you need support, please don't hesitate to contact our team today. 37% of first year students showed moderate to severe symptoms of depression It’s understandable that students may be more vulnerable to experiencing difficulties with their mental health and well-being given they’re likely for the first time living away from home and dealing with the stresses of adult life, pressures that have been added to with the pandemic and restrictions. One survey conducted by the Office for National Statistics (ONS) in the summer of 2021 found that 37% of first year students showed moderate to severe symptoms of depression. The majority of mental health disorders have been found to develop before the age of 24 years old (Kessler et al., 2005), and students are a group at high risk of developing mental health difficulties. Getting support early is important to help prevent and alleviate longer term mental health problems. If you’re noticing experiences like withdrawing from your lectures or from seeing friends and family, struggling with motivation and concentration, struggling with sleep and eating, feeling low in mood, lacking in energy, tearful, on edge, feeling bad about yourself, having thoughts about harming yourself, using alcohol or drugs to feel better, then these may be signs to reach out for support. It can be helpful to find out support your university has available. Outside of university, you can speak to your GP and it can be helpful to let friends and family know what you’re experiencing. There are a number of charitable organisations that offer advice and support, including Student Minds , SHOUT, CALM , SANE , Papyrus , and Samaritans . Why am I so stressed at university? There could be any number of reasons as to why you might feel stressed at university. For many new students living on campus, the transition might be the first time living away from home. For others, the freedom and self-sufficiency might feel overwhelming. Building your own daily structure around courses or lectures, managing your time efficiently, meeting so many new people and trying to make friends can all be incredibly daunting. Where some people thrive in situations like these, others can find the experience hectic and struggle to adapt to the change. Students can put a lot of pressure on themselves to fit in with their peers. It's a time for expression and self-exploration, and along with the freedom of living away from home, you're also opened up to situations or environments you may not be used to. In trying to fit in, there's the potential to succumb to peer pressure, but it's important to note that if you aren't comfortable with something you can always say 'no'. University is of course also about learning. Students need to apply themselves, deliver coursework and commit to deadlines. The amount of work required will be a large step-up from previous education and the pressure to keep on top of your workload will have an impact on your stress levels. Signs and symptoms of anxiety Feeling restless, wound-up, or on-edge. Being easily fatigued. Having difficulty concentrating. Being irritable. Having headaches, muscle aches, stomachaches, or unexplained pains. Difficulty controlling feelings of worry. Having sleep problems, such as difficulty falling or staying asleep. If you feel you need further support, then it can be helpful to consider psychological treatments. At Schoen Clinic Chelsea we offer a specialised treatment service , consisting of a range of therapy groups, individual therapy and medical reviews if needed. Students who have been through our treatment programme have typically sought help for difficulties around low self-confidence/self-esteem, relationship difficulties, anxiety and worry, low mood, self-harm, eating problems, procrastination, and perfectionism. They have often had these difficulties for several years but they have been exacerbated with the pressures of student life. An intensive treatment approach can benefit by supporting people to make further or faster progress, help them to understand how their life experiences have shaped their current difficulties and what’s keeping the problems going, and develop a wide range of coping skills. “The way the groups are organised is brilliant and the many different topics we cover means that just about every issue I have had has been addressed in at least one of the groups.” - Patient feedback, Mental Health Treatment Programme at Schoen Clinic Chelsea Find treatment for anxiety and mental health conditions in London Following an assessment to find out about your current problems and what you want to gain from treatment, you can expect to meet regularly with a key worker, who will work with you to develop a treatment plan and support you as you progress through your therapy. Learn more about our mental health treatment service here , alternatively you can call and speak to our Private Enquiries Manager at no obligation, on 020 3146 2300, or send an email to che-privateenquiries@schoen-clinic.co.uk Written by Dr Sarah Perkins, Clinical Psychologist at Schoen Clinic Chelsea If you or someone you care about is experiencing a mental health problem, our specialists are here to help. Contact us today .

Netflix’s Adolescence  is more than just a crime drama—it is a heart-wrenching exploration of mental health, masculinity, family dynamics, and the impact of online radicalisation on young minds. The series, created by Stephen Graham and Jack Thorne, examines the tragic journey of 13-year-old Jamie Miller, who is arrested for the brutal murder of his classmate. What follows is a harrowing deep dive into the psychological, social, and familial factors that culminate in this shocking act of violence. Each episode is filmed in a single continuous take, immersing the audience in the raw intensity of Jamie’s experiences and interactions. Credit: Netflix To explore the real-life issues reflected in Adolescence , we spoke with two experts from Schoen Clinic Chelsea : Amrita Mahal ; Speech, Language & Communication Therapist and Dr Hazel Fernandes ; Consultant Child & Adolescent Psychiatrist. Their insights shed light on the psychological and social dynamics at play in the show, and in the lives of many young people today. If you're looking for mental health support for a child or teen please don't hesitate to contact us. *** Warning! This article contains major spoilers! *** Understanding Jamie’s mindset in Adolescence: A psychological perspective One of the most compelling aspects of Adolescence  is its focus on the ‘why’ rather than the ‘who’—a storytelling approach that shifts the narrative from a crime mystery to a psychological case study. From the outset, Jamie appears to be an ordinary, if somewhat insecure, teenage boy. However, as the series unfolds, it becomes evident that he struggles with severe self-esteem issues, social rejection, and a desperate need for validation, particularly from his father, Eddie. At the beginning of the show, the audience learns that Jamie had been relentlessly bullied, both in school and online, where he was mocked and labelled an “incel.” Short for "involuntary celibate," the term originally referred to people who struggle to form romantic or sexual relationships, but it has since become associated with an online subculture that promotes misogynistic and extremist views. Credit: Netflix While Jamie initially appears to be a victim of name-calling and trolling, the series later reveals that his engagement with these harmful online spaces goes far deeper. By the end of the show, it becomes clear that Jamie has indeed been radicalised by these communities, absorbing their toxic worldview and reinforcing his growing resentment. This raises a difficult question: Did Jamie turn to these extremist online forums as a reaction to the bullying, seeking a space where he felt understood? Or was the bullying itself a response to an ideology that he had already begun to embrace? The show leaves this open to interpretation, forcing viewers to confront the cyclical nature of social alienation and radicalisation. What is clear, however, is that Jamie’s descent is shaped by a complex interplay of personal vulnerability, external mistreatment, and the unregulated digital spaces that prey on impressionable minds. His sense of isolation, frustration and anger ultimately leads to his violent outburst, demonstrating the devastating consequences of untreated emotional distress, bullying, and toxic online influences. The role of family: parental influence and emotional support Throughout the series, the Miller family is portrayed as loving yet fractured. Eddie, Jamie’s father, is a hardworking man who struggles to express affection, while his mother, Manda, does her best to hold the family together. Despite their good intentions, the Millers fail to recognise the extent of Jamie’s inner turmoil until it is too late. Consultant Child & Adolescent Psychiatrist Dr Hazel Fernandes  underscores the role of parenting in shaping adolescent emotional wellbeing: “ Parenting, in my opinion, is the single most deciding factor on how a child will behave in the early years.” However, she also acknowledges the impact of external factors in today’s very  digital world… “It takes a village to raise a child, but unfortunately, the present-day village includes social media and online content.” This aspect of the show raises critical questions about parenting and emotional availability - how much do parents truly know about their children’s struggles and how can they create an environment where open discussions about mental health are encouraged? Speech, Language & Communication Therapist, Amrita Mahal suggests a better understanding of communication is key to nurturing a more open environment. “Communication isn’t just about words, it’s about tone, body language and even avoidance behaviours. The show also highlights digital communication as an area where meaning can be easily misinterpreted. The investigating officer in Adolescence struggles to understand the significance of certain emojis until his teenage son explains it to him. This moment highlights how digital communication can create gaps in understanding, particularly across generations.” Credit: Netflix Eddie’s journey in Adolescence  is particularly poignant. His reaction to his son’s crime shifts from disbelief to sorrow and, ultimately, to guilt. In one of the most heartbreaking scenes of the series, Eddie tucks Jamie’s teddy bear into bed and apologises to it as though speaking to his son. This moment encapsulates the grief of a parent who feels they have failed their child - a sentiment that many real-life parents of troubled teenagers can relate to. Dr Fernandes emphasises  the importance of parents practising self-compassion when seeking help for a child requiring support for their mental health, “We cannot move forward if we hold on to the past. Whether it is eating disorders, neurodiverse conditions , depression or anxiety, what is important [for parents] to be open to suggestions and be open to forgiving themselves.” The series doesn’t place blame on the Millers but rather highlights how mental health struggles can often go unnoticed, even in seemingly stable households. The intersection of masculinity and mental health A central theme of Adolescence  is the examination of masculinity and how societal expectations shape young men’s emotional development. Jamie, like many boys his age, grapples with ideas of strength, dominance and acceptance. “For boys in particular,” explains Amrita Mahal , “societal norms around masculinity often discourage vulnerability, leading to emotional suppression rather than open communication.” The show challenges the traditional notion that boys should suppress their emotions and ‘tough it out,’ showcasing instead how this mindset can be harmful. Amrita continues,  “Encouraging emotional expression from an early age, particularly in boys, can help break the cycle of suppression that leads to communication breakdowns later in life.” By addressing these issues, Adolescence encourages an important conversation about redefining masculinity in a way that allows boys and men to express emotions healthily. The impact of online radicalisation on adolescent mental health One of the most disturbing aspects of Jamie’s story is his indoctrination into online incel ideology. The series portrays how young individuals, particularly those struggling with social anxiety and self-worth, can be drawn into extremist online communities that validate their worst fears and reinforce destructive beliefs. Jamie’s obsession with these toxic narratives distorts his perception of reality, leading him to lash out in a violent act that he cannot take back. Amrita Mahal adds that communication difficulties can make young people more vulnerable to radicalisation: “Teenagers who struggle with language and communication are vulnerable. The language used in radical online spaces can feel structured and validating to someone who has experienced rejection in real life. Credit: Netflix I f a young person lacks the communication skills to critically analyse these messages or discuss their feelings with a trusted adult, they may become more susceptible to harmful ideologies.” This element of Adolescence  serves as a stark warning about the dangers of unmoderated digital spaces and the importance of media literacy. It underscores the need for parents, educators and mental health professionals to be aware of the online environments that young people navigate daily. Dr Fernandes adds, “Social media and online communities influence can be minimised by carers/parents taking responsibility for the children they are responsible for. Early childhood is a time for providing children with a template for adult life.” Open conversations about healthy self-esteem, relationships a nd online safety can help prevent vulnerable adolescents from falling into harmful ideological traps. Guilt, accountability and the path to acceptance Credit: Netflix Jamie’s decision to change his plea to guilty in the final episode marks a significant shift in his psychological journey. After initially denying his actions, he comes to accept the gravity of his crime. This turning point, while tragic, also signals a form of personal growth, an acknowledgement of responsibility that allows him to confront his actions, even if it is too late to change them. For Eddie and Manda, Jamie’s guilty plea is both a heartbreaking loss and a moment of reckoning. They must face the reality of their son’s actions while grappling with their own feelings of guilt and helplessness. Their emotional struggle serves as a powerful exploration of how families cope with trauma, grief and the realisation that love alone isn't always enough to prevent tragedy. Conclusion: a call for greater mental health awareness in you ng people Adolescence  is more than just a gripping drama, it is a crucial commentary on mental health, toxic masculinity and the unseen battles that many young people face. By shedding light on these complex issues, the series prompts viewers to reflect on how society can better support teenagers who feel lost, alienated or unheard. Amrita Mahal, Speech Language & Communication Therapist “Early intervention in teaching communication skills can be a lifeline,” says Amrita , “Adolescents need explicit guidance on how to express emotions, ask for clarification and engage in difficult conversations. Therapists and educators can use role-play, visual supports and structured language models to help young people develop confidence in expressing their feelings.” The show’s message is clear: mental health awareness, early intervention and open communication are essential in preventing tragedies like Jamie’s. Whether it is through increased parental involvement, mental health education in schools or better regulation of harmful online spaces, Adolescence  makes a compelling case for why these conversations need to happen now more than ever. Dr Hazel Fernandes, Consultant Child & Adolescent Psychiatrist Dr Fernandes offers a final piece of advice for parents, “Parents and carers need to emp hasise resilience and maintain a similar approach to managing bullying, open conversations are important, open-mindedness on the parents part to not rush to judgement. Secrecy is disempowering and mitigating risks is more effective than ignoring that risks exist.” As the final scene fades to black, leaving Eddie in his son’s bedroom, the weight of the series lingers. It is a poignant reminder that mental health struggles, if left unaddressed, can have devastating consequences—not just for the individuals experiencing them but for everyone around them. Adolescence  urges us all to look closer, listen more intently and never underestimate the importance of reaching out before it is too late. Thank you to Dr Hazel Fernandes and Amrita Mahal of Schoen Clinic Chelsea , for their expert insight for this article, and to Netflix for delivering an outstanding show that brings countless important issues into the spotlight. If you need support for a child or teen with a mental health condition or are seeking support yourself as a parent or carer, please don't hesitate to contact our caring team in London.

PRESS RELEASE: 07/04/2025 A leading London Psychiatrist says the public and private sectors can team up to support patients facing long NHS waiting times for adult ADHD assessment and treatment, which can sometimes reach over 8 years. Dr James Woolley, Consultant Psychiatrist  and ADHD Specialist at Schoen Clinic Chelsea in London , explains that if an NHS ADHD Assessment is unavailable in your area, you likely have a right for the NHS to fund an assessment elsewhere. The NHS tries to follow the NICE (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence) guidelines for service provision, but there are many areas which struggle with capacity. A study carried out by ADHD UK revealed the true level of backlog in the UK in October 2023. ADHD UK’s findings came from Freedom of Information requests about ADHD from every Integrated Health Board (or equivalent) in the country. There is a big variation across the UK - from 12 weeks to 443 weeks across various Trusts. Its survey found the adult waiting the longest has been biding their time for 443 weeks, or 8.5 years. In the UK, NICE guidelines make clear that trained clinicians can make the required robust ADHD assessment, which is always more complex than completing online questionnaires, to be as certain as possible no other conditions are contributing and that any treatment suggestions are safe and compatible with the overall situation. Currently, many referrals made by GPs are screened out and rejected before even reaching a proper clinical assessment, and there is no way to get this reviewed. So patients may need to be referred all over again by the GP to restart the process if needed. Dr Woolley said: “The waiting lists for NHS assessments for many conditions such as autism, ADHD and ADD are simply heartbreaking. People can be in limbo for years, putting them and their families under huge strain. “They may struggle get on with their lives or pursue education or a career without getting an assessment and family relationships can be strained, delaying the opportunity to understand and therefore receive the treatment they need to get on and live a full life, and be a productive and fulfilled member of society.” He added: “We know NHS resources are scarce, especially at the moment, but these are conditions that affect a significant number of our working-age adult population; people who could be making a huge contribution to society and the economy – they are a massive resource the country risks inadvertently ignoring, quite aside from the personal impact.” “The NHS is not at fault, it does an amazing job with the resources it has. The private sector helps support stretched NHS provision in many areas and this is one which can be especially productive,” he added. Dr Woolley said that the best independent sector providers aim to collaborate with and assist NHS services and GPs wherever possible. Not just making a diagnosis and discharging, but offering detailed assessments followed by robust treatment pathways - holistically, including non-medication approaches. Many people are choosing now to go private to access proper assessment sooner, especially with the noise on social media making it difficult to be clear about whether there is a diagnosable issue. Schoen Clinic Chelsea offers assessments at just a few days' notice. Schoen Clinic’s Consultant Psychiatrists, with extensive experience in ADHD, conduct all of our adult assessments, guaranteeing a robust diagnosis from a qualified specialist. Should medication be necessary for the best outcome, our doctors can prescribe appropriate ADHD medications safely. A diagnosis can be a significant benefit in both understanding problems and pursuing one of the many effective treatments available. Schoen Clinic is also especially familiar with how symptoms can go hidden and unrecognised for longer in women. For more information about the work of Schoen Clinic Chelsea, please call 020 3146 2300 or visit its website at https://www.schoen-clinic.co.uk/chelsea     ENDS High-resolution pictures are available on request. About Schoen Clinic UK Group The Schoen Clinic Group was founded in 1985 and has since developed into Germany's fifth-largest privately-owned hospital group. It currently treats 300,000+ patients annually at 46 hospitals and clinics in Germany and the UK. The group also includes the leading online telemedicine clinic: MindDoc. Schoen Clinic entered the UK healthcare market in 2017 providing award-winning, expert-led healthcare super-specialising in certain areas of medicine – now mental health and wellbeing, including dementia care. About Dr Woolley Dr Woolley trained at St Mary's Hospital Medical School in London, subsequently specialising in psychiatry at the prestigious Maudsley Hospital and Institute of Psychiatry. He undertook a further degree in psychology at University College London and achieved Membership of the Royal College of Physicians at The Royal Free Hospital London. He also gained additional experience in psychiatry in Sydney, Australia and was elected to both the prestigious Fellowships of the Royal College of Psychiatrists (FRCPsych) in 2021 and the Royal College of Physicians (FRCP) in 2023. Undertaking a variety of specialist posts and working with leaders in the field, has provided Dr Woolley with a wide range of expertise in the diagnosis and treatment of many conditions; from anxiety and depression to bipolar disorder, using both evidence-based medication and psychological therapy. Dr Woolley has particular expertise where mental health conditions overlap with physical illnesses and has received several awards for clinical excellence. Media contact Rodney Kumar: PR Manager, WSA Communications E-mail: rodney.kumar@wsacommunications.co.uk   Phone: 01908 371177

With over 2 million people in the UK currently seeking mental health support, timely access to high-quality care has never been more important. At Schoen Clinic Chelsea , we’re proud to offer specialist outpatient services for children, adolescents and adults experiencing a range of mental health conditions - including anxiety, depression, ADHD, eating disorders and more. To meet growing demand and deliver the best possible experience for patients and clinicians alike, we partnered with Semble , a leading healthcare practice management platform. This collaboration has helped us streamline day-to-day operations, support multidisciplinary coordination, and scale up our services, doubling our patient capacity in the process. Adapting to meet growing mental health needs Our clinic has seen an increasing number of referrals over the past year, particularly for neurodevelopmental assessments, trauma-informed therapy, and private outpatient psychiatry. While our expert multidisciplinary teams were already delivering outstanding clinical care, the need for more agile and integrated systems became clear as patient volumes rose. Dr James Woolley, Group Medical Director Why we chose Semble Semble’s flexible, user-friendly platform was designed with private healthcare providers in mind. Its ability to support clinical documentation, appointment scheduling, patient communication and operational oversight in one central system made it a natural fit for our evolving needs. "We wanted something that was much more intuitive, that had a clinical focus to it, and was accessible flexibly.”— Dr James Woolley , Group Medical Director Real benefits for patients and clinicians Since implementing Semble, we’ve seen significant improvements in both clinical workflow and patient experience: Fewer missed appointments With automatic booking confirmations and appointment reminders, new patient no-show rates have reduced from around 12% to just 3% —making it easier for more patients to access timely support. Dr Daniel Masud, Consultant Psychiatrist Streamlined clinical documentation The addition of AI transcription tools has made it quicker for clinicians to complete notes and share feedback. “Previously I would probably spend two to three hours typing up reports. Now I’ve reduced that to less than 45 minutes.”— Dr Daniel Masud , Consultant Psychiatrist Enhanced collaboration across teams With better visibility of clinician availability and shared patient timelines, our multidisciplinary teams can coordinate more smoothly, improving continuity of care and decision-making. “Semble gives you oversight of what everybody else is doing and who’s involved in the care.”— Dr Daniel Masud Scalable, patient-centred care With more efficient systems in place, our team can now support more patients while maintaining the quality and compassion that are central to everything we do. “Patients are getting feedback from their appointments the same day. That’s not something we were ever able to come anywhere near before.”— Dr James Woolley Marco Burman-Fourie, Clinic Director A foundation for sustainable growth By simplifying our internal workflows and enhancing communication between patients and clinicians, Semble has helped us respond more effectively to the growing demand for mental health services. Today, Schoen Clinic Chelsea continues to expand its outpatient offering of treatments, therapies and services , ensuring people can access the right care, at the right time, in a way that feels seamless and reassuring. “It’s been a bit of a journey, and a good one for us, because it’s only improved the quality of what we do.”— Marco Burman-Fourie, Clinic Director, Schoen Clinic Chelsea We’re proud to share our story in partnership with Semble.📖 Read the full case study

Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-i) is an evidence-based treatment specifically designed to address chronic insomnia. Unlike medication, which often provides only temporary relief, CBT-i focuses on changing the thoughts and behaviours that contribute to sleep difficulties , offering a long-term solution. This therapy is rooted in both cognitive and behavioural interventions that help you develop healthy sleep habits and improve your overall mental health and wellbeing. Key components of CBT-i for sleep insomnia Sleep education : Understanding the science of sleep is essential for improving sleep quality. We provide detailed information on sleep cycles, sleep stages, and the various factors that affect sleep, helping you appreciate the importance of good sleep hygiene. Sleep hygiene tips : Good sleep hygiene is foundational to improving sleep quality. This includes practical advice on creating an optimal sleep environment—such as maintaining a cool, quiet, and dark bedroom—and establishing a regular sleep schedule. Avoiding caffeine and heavy meals before bedtime, limiting screen time, and engaging in relaxing pre-sleep activities are all part of our comprehensive sleep hygiene recommendations. Stimulus control : This technique helps you create a strong association between the bed and sleep. It involves only going to bed when sleepy, getting out of bed if unable to sleep within 20 minutes, and using the bed exclusively for sleep and intimacy, not for activities like watching TV or eating. Sleep restriction : While it might seem counterintuitive, limiting the amount of time you spend in bed can increase your sleep drive and improve sleep efficiency. This technique involves restricting your time in bed to the actual amount of time you are currently sleeping and gradually increasing it as your sleep improves. Cognitive therapy : Insomnia often comes with negative thoughts and beliefs about sleep that perpetuate the condition. Cognitive therapy aims to identify and challenge these thoughts, replacing them with more realistic and positive ones. This process helps reduce anxiety and promote a healthier sleep mindset. Relaxation techniques : Relaxation is key to preparing your mind and body for sleep. Our programme includes various relaxation techniques such as deep breathing exercises, progressive muscle relaxation, and mindfulness meditation. These practices help reduce stress and create a calm state conducive to sleep. CBT techniques for better sleep These techniques are designed to address the specific challenges of chronic insomnia and promote lasting improvements in sleep quality. Cognitive restructuring : This technique involves identifying and challenging negative thoughts about sleep. For example, if you believe that you will never be able to sleep without medication, cognitive restructuring helps you develop a more balanced view, such as recognising the effectiveness of behavioural sleep medicine. Behavioural interventions : These include techniques like sleep restriction and stimulus control, which help regulate your sleep patterns and reinforce positive associations with sleep. Mindfulness and relaxation : Incorporating mindfulness meditation and other relaxation exercises can help reduce pre-sleep anxiety and create a state of calm that is conducive to sleep. Exercises for sleep improvement CBT-i includes various exercises designed to improve sleep. These exercises are practical, easy to follow, and can be integrated into your daily routine: Sleep diaries : Keeping a sleep diary helps track your sleep patterns and identify factors that might be contributing to your insomnia. Thought records : These exercises help you document and challenge negative thoughts about sleep. By writing down your thoughts and analysing them, you can develop more balanced and positive perspectives. Progressive muscle relaxation : This exercise involves tensing and then slowly relaxing each muscle group in your body, promoting physical relaxation and reducing tension that can interfere with sleep. Natural remedies for insomnia In addition to CBT-i, natural remedies for insomnia can complement your therapy. These include herbal teas like chamomile, valerian root supplements, and aromatherapy with essential oils such as lavender. While these remedies can be helpful, it’s important to discuss them with your specialist to ensure they fit well with your overall treatment plan. Behavioural sleep medicine Behavioural sleep medicine encompasses a range of non-pharmacological treatments for sleep disorders, including CBT-i. This field focuses on the behavioural, psychological, and physiological factors that affect sleep. At Schoen Clinic Chelsea in London, we incorporate the latest advancements in behavioural sleep medicine to provide the most effective treatment for insomnia. If you'd like to book an assessment, please don't hesitate to contact our team today.

A cancer diagnosis is life-changing — not just physically, but emotionally and psychologically too. One of the most common, yet often overlooked, side effects is disrupted sleep. Many people living with cancer experience insomnia, night waking, or poor-quality sleep, which can persist throughout treatment and into survivorship. In fact, a recent meta-analysis of 160 studies, encompassing over 46,000 patients, found that approximately 60.7% of cancer patients experience sleep disturbances  (95% CI 58.1–63.3%). This research underscores the significant impact sleep problems can have on quality of life during cancer treatment and beyond. In this article, we explore the multifaceted relationship between cancer and sleep, how mental health factors in, and why specialised support is crucial. Why does cancer affect sleep? Sleep problems in cancer are complex. They often arise from a mix of physical symptoms, treatment-related side effects, and the psychological impact of facing a serious illness. Common reasons cancer patients struggle with sleep include: Stress and anxiety  related to diagnosis and treatment Pain or discomfort  from the cancer or its treatment Side effects of medications , such as corticosteroids or hormone therapies Changes in daily routine  due to hospital stays or altered activity levels Cancer-related fatigue , which can disrupt regular sleep patterns Fear of recurrence or disease progression , even after treatment “ When we talk about sleep issues in cancer patients, we ’ re not just looking at physical symptoms — we ’ re often seeing the psychological toll of facing a serious diagnosis. Insomnia can be both a symptom and a cause of emotional distress.” — Dr Greg Shields, Consultant Psychiatrist and Cancer Specialist Psychiatrist, Schoen Clinic Chelsea The psychological impact of a cancer diagnosis on sleep For many individuals, insomnia begins soon after diagnosis. The mind can race as it processes the emotional burden, treatment options, and future uncertainties. Night-time, with its quietness, often magnifies feelings of anxiety, making sleep seem even more elusive. Over time, ongoing poor sleep can contribute to fatigue, low mood, and reduced ability to cope with daily challenges. This creates a difficult cycle where lack of sleep further intensifies emotional stress. “ We often see a cycle where people become anxious about not sleeping — and that anxiety itself makes it even harder to sleep. Addressing this early is key.” — Dr Greg Shields Persistent sleep issues can also increase the risk of clinical depression and other mental health concerns. The effects are far-reaching, impacting overall quality of life during a challenging time. What does the research say? The connection between cancer, mental health, and sleep  is well-established: A 2023 BMJ Open study found that sleep disturbances are highly prevalent among cancer patients, up to 95% in fact, and can persist well beyond the initial diagnosis, throughout treatment and even a decade into survivorship. Research  highlights a significant relationship between emotional wellbeing and sleep quality, especially for those under the stress of a serious illness. Clinical evidence  shows that Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I)  can effectively improve sleep quality among cancer patients, offering long-term benefits over purely medication-based approaches. “ CBT-I is one of the most evidence-based treatments we have for insomnia, especially in cancer patients. It helps people retrain unhelpful thoughts and behaviours around sleep — and crucially, it empowers them to take back some control.” — Dr Greg Shields Practical strategies and innovative tools While the strategies discussed here provide an overview of the methods we employ at Schoen Clinic Chelsea, it’s important to note that detailed, personalised advice is best obtained through a consultation. That said, here are some general approaches and innovative tools that we often discuss with our patients: 1. Prioritise high-level sleep hygiene Instead of getting into minute details, we encourage patients to establish a consistent sleep routine and create a sleep-conducive environment. Specific tips and individual adaptations are best discussed during your consultation. 2. Leveraging technology for insights Devices like the Apple Watch or other smart wearables can be useful for: Tracking your sleep schedule Monitoring sleep quality and disturbances Providing data that can help identify patterns or potential issues These insights can be valuable for you and your healthcare team to fine-tune your sleep management strategy, however they can also become a focus of unnecessary anxiety. It’s important to use them as part of a holistic and psychologically-informed treatment plan. 3. Accessing specialist guidance Psychological interventions like Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I)  are tailored to help retrain unhelpful thoughts and behaviours related to sleep. More in-depth advice on how these methods can work for you is available during a one-on-one consultation. “ The mind and body are never separate — especially in cancer. When we treat sleep problems, we ’ re really treating the person as a whole. Technology and personalised therapies go hand in hand in helping our patients improve their sleep and overall wellbeing.” — Dr Greg Shields 4. Connecting with our expert team If sleep issues continue to affect your quality of life, it’s essential to speak with your healthcare provider. At Schoen Clinic Chelsea, we provide a holistic, specialist approach that includes: Evaluating potential medication impacts on sleep Supporting lifestyle adjustments and mental health therapies Offering referrals to targeted psychological and occupational therapy services A whole-person approach to cancer care At Schoen Clinic Chelsea , we understand that sleep is not just a symptom but a cornerstone of mental resilience, immune function, and overall recovery. Comprehensive care means addressing every facet of your wellbeing — not just the physical aspects of cancer. “ Addressing sleep isn ’ t about handing out a list of dos and don'ts; it ’ s about understanding your story and tailoring an approach that supports your overall health. That ’ s the essence of our holistic care.” — Dr Greg Shields Final thoughts Struggling with sleep after a cancer diagnosis is incredibly common, but it’s not something you have to face alone. By recognising the multiple factors at play and working closely with our specialist team, many of our patients have seen notabe improvements in their sleep, mood, and overall quality of life. If you or a loved one is experiencing ongoing sleep challenges during cancer treatment or recovery, please consider booking a consultation. Our expert team is here to help you understand and manage these complexities, using personalised strategies that encompass both mental health and physical wellness. Interested in learning more about how we can help improve your sleep and overall wellbeing during cancer treatment? Contact us today at Schoen Clinic Chelsea to schedule your consultation. Reviewed by Dr Greg Shields, Consultant Psychiatrist & Cancer Specialist on 16/04/2025

Mental health problems can affect anyone at any stage in their life. Research shows that approximately 1 in 4 people in the UK will experience a mental health problem each year* and 1 in 6 people in England will experience a common mental health problem (like anxiety or depression) in any given week*.  But what triggers mental illness? What are the risk factors leading to a mental health condition? Can a mental health problem go away on its own? Research suggests that lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans and queer (LGBTQ+) people are at higher risk of developing serious mental health problems, so this Pride Month, we’re focusing on some key questions and applying them to the LGBTQ+ community to see what we can find out. LGBTQ+ people and mental health It’s important to note that being LGBTQ+ doesn’t necessarily mean someone will have mental health problems, but it may put them at higher risk of experiencing them. Whilst we know there are many aspects and experiences which contribute to a deterioration in someone’s mental health, one aspect which may play a significant role early in life can be bullying during school years. According to studies, anti-LGBT bullying is still a problem, with 52% of students reporting hearing homophobic insults regularly at school (Stonewall School Report; 2017). Research shows that childhood experiences of bullying can have long-lasting effects on an individual's mental health well into adulthood*. People who have been bullied during their childhood years are more likely to experience depression and anxiety in later years. Bullying can lead to feelings of low self-esteem, shame, social anxiety and the inability to establish trusting relationships. A 2018 study by Stonewall found that over the previous year, half of LGBTQ+ people had depression and 3 in 5 have experienced anxiety. These figures are significantly higher than the general population (1 in 4 people each year, or 1 in 6 people each week). So we should ask the question: what issues do LGBTQ+ people face to put them at higher risk of developing a serious mental health problem? We’ve already discussed bullying and shame as factors, but LGBTQ+ people also regularly face discrimination or prejudice. One aspect can sometimes be accessing healthcare. Research has found approximately 1 in 8 LGBTQ+ individuals encountered discrimination from healthcare personnel due to their identity and 1 in 7 even avoided seeking healthcare out of concern for discrimination*. Additionally, a 2021 survey found that 70% of trans people reported being impacted by transphobia when accessing general health services.* Schoen Clinic UK Group  is proud of its inclusive culture , where our hospitals and clinics welcome patients of all beliefs, backgrounds and orientations and foster safe environments, free from judgement. “At Schoen Clinic Chelsea , we see people from all walks of life with mental health conditions, including those within the LGBTQ+ community,” says  Adam Bloor, Clinic Director. “We understand our LGBTQ+ patients may have gone through experiences unique to their community, which may have contributed to developing a mental health condition or eating disorder. That’s why we ensure a safe space for everyone, to talk freely about their experiences without fear of judgement or discrimination.” The Minority Stress Model (MSM) and mental health The Minority Stress Model (MSM) is frequently used to explain why sexual and gender minority groups have varying levels of mental health problems.  According to MSM, LGBTQ+ people are more likely to experience stressors like internalised homophobia or transphobia and concealing their sexual orientation or gender identity, as well as external stressors like stigma and discrimination, increases their risk of developing physical and mental health problems.* It’s not just accessing healthcare which might be a problem for LGBTQ+ people. Their community are also at a higher risk of experiencing 'hate crimes’ which can create and exacerbate mental health issues. Hate crimes are those committed against someone because of a protected characteristic, i.e. their race, sexual orientation, religion, gender identity or disability. It is documented that members of the LGBTQ+ community are more likely to experience hate crime. Gay men, queer youth, transgender people and members of the black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) communities are among the LGBTQ+ groups who are known to be most at risk. Whilst discussing discrimination, it’s also possible to highlight ‘equality disparities’ and transphobia within the LGBTQ+ community itself. Trans people can face prejudice   from gay, lesbian or bisexual people. Forums have even been created to campaign for the removal of ‘Trans’ from the LGB T Q+ umbrella. In addition, femme-presenting gay men regularly face homophobic remarks from other gay men within the community. Much of this is believed to stem from greater societal expectations of what men and women should be, or how they should behave. LGBTQ+ people and eating disorders Mental health isn’t only about depression, anxiety or internalised shame as many instances can lead to a decline in physical health and wellbeing.  It’s important to also discuss LGBTQ+ mental health and the link with eating disorders. According to research by the National Eating Disorder Association (NEDA), more than half of LGBTQ+ youth between the ages of 13-24 have been diagnosed with an eating disorder at some point in their life. Gay, lesbian and bisexual youth may be more likely than their heterosexual counterparts to binge eat and purge as early as age 12. LGBTQ+ individuals experience unique challenges which may increase their likelihood of having an eating disorder. Potential risk factors which may play a role in the development of an eating disorder in an LGBTQ+ person can include: the fear of being rejected or having been rejected by friends, family and co-workers negative self-perceptions because of sexual orientation, non-binary gender presentation or transgender identity exposure to violence and the experience of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are major risk factors for developing an eating disorder discrimination based on gender identity or sexual orientation being a target of bullying because of gender or sexual orientation inner conflict between biological sex and gender identification inability to conform to certain LGBTQ+ cultural norms about appearance The Minority Stress Model (MSM) and eating disorders It is possible that eating disorders can present in LGBTQ+ people in response to external stressors (as previously mentioned in the MSM) as a form of coping mechanism.  Internalising negative messages/being unable to be openly oneself, living in fear of being harassed, stress related to discrimination and living as a runaway or being homeless, can all play a part in the development of an eating disorder. Another factor to consider when discussing eating disorders in LGBTQ+ people is body dissatisfaction. This links to one of the potential risk factors as the inability to conform to some LGBTQ+ cultural appearance norms. Research has found a link between the high representation of the ‘ideal physique’ and increased body dissatisfaction. Although diversity in queer representation has improved over the years (with shows like the BBC’s “I Kissed a Boy” successfully highlighting a diverse range of body types and cultures), LGBTQ-specific media has historically portrayed gay people as young, heteronormative (straight presenting) white men with lean, muscular physiques. These representations create an ‘appearance ideal’ and a pressure to look or act a certain way, damaging not only to the community as a whole but also to individuals. Body dissatisfaction is a proximal risk factor for both eating disorders and disordered eating behaviours within the LGBT community*. Ending the stigma of mental health in the LGBTQ+ community The stigma of mental health remains a problem in the LGBTQ+ community and indeed the world. One of the best ways to address this is through education and raising awareness. By providing information about mental health and encouraging open discussions about it, we can help to dispel negative attitudes and move towards a more accepting and supportive society for everyone. Healthcare organisations can play their role in helping to end discrimination towards LGBTQ+ people reaching out for help. This means ensuring staff are trained in providing appropriate care to LGBTQ+ people, using inclusive language and tailoring treatment to the specific needs of each individual. It’s also essential that healthcare organisations create safe and affirming spaces for everyone to seek help. This can include training staff on the specific mental health issues which affect certain communities and offering support groups which focus on the unique challenges faced by them. Treating LGBTQ+ people with mental health conditions You can’t make a gay person straight and you can’t make a straight person gay. Not understanding this, or trying to deny LGBTQ+ youths from expressing themselves can lead to internalised shame. Accepting people for who they are is the first step toward a brighter future, no matter what their identity or sexual orientation.  Understanding the potential causes of mental health problems in LGBTQ+ people goes a long way to helping treat them. Whilst there is a higher risk of sexual or gender minority people developing anxiety, depression or an eating disorder, help is available from people who truly care. Adam Bloor says, “We recognise the significance of tailored treatment and are proud to offer personalised mental health and eating disorder services for everyone.  Our priority is to provide a welcoming and inclusive environment for all our patients and we’re committed to supporting everyone on their journey to recovery.” Where can LGBTQ+ people find help for mental health or eating disorders? If you’re LGBTQ+ and need support for anxiety, depression, stress, trauma or any other mental health problem, please reach out for help.  If you’re experiencing an eating disorder, it’s always best to begin treatment as early as possible for the best chance of a full recovery.  If you need support for a mental health condition or an eating disorder, Schoen Clinic UK Group is the home of highly specialised treatments, with a wonderfully diverse team of healthcare professionals available to help.  Our locations across the UK provide caring, inclusive environments free from judgement. Reach out to our caring team today. This page was reviewed by Adam Bloor, Clinic Director at Schoen Clinic Chelsea on 27th June 2023. References McManus, S., Meltzer, H., Brugha, T. S., Bebbington, P. E., & Jenkins, R. (2009). Adult psychiatric morbidity in England, 2007: results of a household survey. The NHS Information Centre for health and social care. McManus S, Bebbington P, Jenkins R, Brugha T. (eds.) (2016). Mental health and wellbeing in England: Adult psychiatric morbidity survey 2014. Leeds: NHS digital. Parker LL, Harriger JA. Eating disorders and disordered eating behaviors in the LGBT population: a review of the literature. J Eat Disord. 2020 Oct 16;8:51. doi: 10.1186/s40337-020-00327-y. PMID: 33088566; PMCID: PMC7566158. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4552909/ https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40337-020-00327-y https://www.stonewall.org.uk Trans lives survey 2021: Enduring the UK’s hostile environment - https://www.transactual.org.uk https://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org/learn/general-information/lgbtq

Author: Dr James Woolley , Consultant Psychiatrist at Schoen Clinic Chelsea As we reach five years since the start of the Covid-19 pandemic, the long-term mental health impact of long Covid remains a critical concern for patients, clinicians, and health services. Long Covid, defined as symptoms lasting more than four weeks after acute infection, affects millions worldwide. Alongside fatigue, breathlessness, and pain, persistent psychological and cognitive symptoms are now recognised as major and often disabling features of the condition. Mental Health Symptoms in Long Covid: Depression, Anxiety and PTSD Research shows that around one in four people with long Covid experience significant mental health symptoms, including: Depression Generalised anxiety Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Panic or health-related anxiety These symptoms can persist for two years or more , far exceeding typical recovery timelines. Studies suggest that 30–40% of long Covid patients report depression and anxiety , a prevalence substantially higher than pre-pandemic levels. Woman experiencing brain fog and anxiety due to long Covid symptoms Cognitive Impairment and Brain Fog After Covid-19 One of the most commonly reported issues in long Covid is ' brain fog' , a constellation of symptoms including: Difficulty concentrating Memory lapses Slowed thinking or processing Recent data suggests that 40–60% of long Covid sufferers experience these cognitive difficulties, which can severely impair daily functioning, work, and quality of life. A large UK Biobank study found that COVID-19 survivors have a "54% increased risk of developing new psychiatric disorders within a year", including mood, anxiety, sleep, and psychotic disorders, with risks heightened in those hospitalised and unvaccinated. Encouragingly, full vaccination appears to reduce these risks significantly. Why Does Long Covid Cause Mental Health Problems? There is growing evidence that long Covid mental health symptoms are caused by a combination of biological and psychosocial factors: Persistent inflammation and immune disruption during and after infection may lead to neuroinflammation, affecting areas of the brain linked to mood and cognition. Social isolation, loss of income, and fear about long-term health have also worsened mental health outcomes. The unpredictable nature of symptoms, with good days followed by setbacks, can result in chronic stress , low mood, and anxiety. Many patients report feelings of loneliness, frustration, and fear about their future health, which can worsen mental health outcomes. How Long Covid Mental Health Symptoms Are Treated in 2025 The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines for managing long Covid recommend a multidisciplinary approach that addresses both physical and psychological symptoms. Treatment includes symptom management, psychological support, and rehabilitation tailored to individual needs.   Innovative therapies such as breathing retraining programmes have shown promise in improving symptoms and quality of life, alongside standard mental health interventions like cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and medication when appropriate. Key components include: CBT for anxiety, depression or PTSD Pacing strategies to manage fatigue and brain fog Breathing retraining and graded activity Medication where appropriate for mood and sleep difficulties Psychological support and validation New therapies are emerging, but access remains uneven. Long Covid clinics are being scaled back across the UK. This shift underscores the importance of GPs and mental health teams being vigilant for long Covid-related psychiatric symptoms and providing timely support. CBT Therapist in a group session with participants The Role of GPs and Mental Health Specialists in Long Covid Care With specialist services under pressure, it’s more important than ever that primary care clinicians and mental health teams: Recognise long Covid-related psychiatric symptoms Offer early assessment and referral for therapy Support patients with clear, compassionate communication Patient-centred care and continuity, especially for those feeling isolated or stuck, are key to long-term recovery. Looking Ahead: What We Still Need to Understand About Long Covid and Mental Health While we now know more about the mental health burden of long Covid, there’s still much to learn. Key questions include: Why do some people recover quickly while others don’t? What are the most effective long-term interventions? How can we support recovery at population level? Ongoing research is essential. We need robust, long-term data , public investment in services, and deeper understanding of the patient experience. Where to Get Support for Long Covid Mental Health Symptoms If you're experiencing depression , anxiety , PTSD or brain fog after Covid-19 , you're not alone—and help is available. At Schoen Clinic Chelsea , our expert mental health team offers: Specialist psychiatric assessment CBT and therapy for long Covid-related anxiety or mood problems Support with managing cognitive symptoms and returning to daily life 👉 Explore our services or Contact us for a confidential consultation About the author: Dr Woolley Dr James Woolley, Consultant Psychiatrist at Schoen Clinic Chelsea Dr James Woolley  is a highly experienced Consultant Psychiatrist at Schoen Clinic Chelsea, with particular expertise in treating mental health conditions that overlap with physical illness. Trained at the Maudsley Hospital and Institute of Psychiatry, he combines evidence-based medication with psychological therapies such as CBT. Dr Woolley also holds Fellowships with both the Royal College of Psychiatrists and the Royal College of Physicians, and has published widely in leading scientific journals. Sources:   - BBC: Coronavirus and long-term mental health impacts https://www.bbc.co.uk/worklife/article/20201021-coronavirus-the-possible-long-term-mental-health-impacts   - The Lancet Psychiatry: Mental health research priorities in COVID-19 https://www.gla.ac.uk/research/covid/headline_719045_en.html   - UK Biobank study on psychiatric risk post-Covid https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-024-01853-4   - Systematic review on mental health prevalence in long Covid https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39874315/  and https:// journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0312351   - NICE rapid guideline on managing long Covid https://meassociation.org.uk/long-covid-nice-guideline/  and  https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng188   - Narrative review on neuropsychiatric manifestations of long Covid https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11943530/   - Recent UK research on brain fog and vaccination impact https://www.york.ac.uk/news-and-events/news/2024/research/long-covid-fog/   - NHS North East London update on long Covid services https://northeastlondon.icb.nhs.uk/health-services/service-updates/long-covid-service-update-february-2025/   - Yale Medicine on depression and anxiety in long Covid https://www.yalemedicine.org/news/depression-and-anxiety-in-long-covid-why-interdisciplinary-treatment-is-needed